Fabrication of sustainable magnesium phosphate cement micromortar using design of experiments statistical modelling: Valorization of ceramic-stone-porcelain containing waste as filler

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Publication Highlights

1. Sustainable Magnesium Phosphate Cement (sust-MPC) is exposed as an environmentally friendly alternative to Portland cement, and its carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by utilizing by-products and wastes as raw materials.
2. Ceramic, stone, and porcelain waste (CSP), a non-recyclable glass fraction from the glass recycling industry, can be incorporated as a filler in sust-MPC to create a micromortar, enhancing its mechanical properties.
3. The formulation of a sust-MPC micromortar using CSP not only improves mechanical properties but also reduces the environmental impact, promoting a circular economy, and lowering carbon dioxide emissions through the revalorization of both residue sources.
4. Statistical models based on the Design of Experiments (DoE) approach successfully allowed the optimization of the sust-MPC micromortar, validating and fitting the desired requirements, achieving remarkable accuracy in predicting property responses.
5. The optimal formulation of the sust-MPC micromortar, with 15 wt% of CSP and a water to cement ratio of 0.34, exhibited compressive strength values above 25 MPa after one year of curing, showing good integration of CSP particles in the ceramic matrix, potentially indicating a chemical reaction between silica-rich CSP particles and the K-struvite matrix.

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